43. Verbal Nouns 4

Joan & Nora form of verbs

• In addition to just using Joan to show movement, ("Mendira noa" I am going to the mountain.)
• Joan can be used to show movement to a place in order to do an action,
• as in "Madrilera noa gure amona ikustera" (I am going to Madrid to see our grandmother.),
• where the second verb,”ikusi”(to see) is in the NORA case.
• This form is made by taking present tense from (-t(z)en), discussed in Non-conjugated, Intransitive verbs,
• and removing the “-n”, to make it a verbal noun, and changing it into the NORA case by adding “-ra” as discussed in unit 16 “To go”.

To see

• Dictionary form: ikusi
• Present participle: ikusten
• Verbal noun: ikuste
• Nora form: ikustera

To learn

• Dictionary form: ikasi
• Present participle: ikasten
• Verbal noun: ikaste
• Nora form: ikastera

To buy

• Dictionary form: erosi
• Present participle: erosten
• Verbal noun: eroste
• Nora form: erostea

To think

• Dictionary form: jakin
• Present participle: jakiten
• Verbal noun: jakite
• Nora form: jakitera

Verbal Nouns 4

• ikastera: to learn
• ikustera: to see
• erostea: to buy
• ogi: bread
• laguntzera: to help
• hiltzera: to kill
• jolastera: to play
• irakastera: to teach
• ixtera: to close

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